Micromechanical Effect of Martensite Attributes on Forming Limits of Dual-Phase Steels Investigated by Crystal Plasticity-Based Numerical Simulations

This study analyses the effect of martensite grain size and its volume fraction in dual-phase (DP) steel on (1) formability limit, (2) average global behavior under different loading conditions, (3) damage initiation. The virtual RVEs (Representative Volume Elements) were constructed using DREAM.3D software with a variation microstructural attributes. numerical simulations carried out DAMASK, which evaluates polycrystalline material point solves versatile constitutive equations spectral solver. post-processed to obtain local stress, strain, evolution RVEs. results processed FLDs according Keeler-Brazier (K-B) Marciniak Kuczynski (M-K) criteria. In this work, capability microstructure-based analyze has been established successfully. From Forming Limit Diagrams (FLDs), it was observed that changes by changing strain hardening coefficients (n-values), fraction, sizes DP steels. improved lower i.e., 17%, decreased size, 2.6 µm, higher coefficient. M-K approach shows better predict various conditions clarifies necking marginal zone FLD. propagation is also strongly affected conditions. current would be good guide for designers during manufacturing selecting appropriate steels based service